Microbial Overgrowth Benzoic Acid Hippuric Acid 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid (4-HBA) 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid (3,4-DHBA) 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid (3-HPAA) 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylpropionic Acid (DHPPA) Furancarbonylglycine Phenylacetic Acid (PAA) Phenylpropionic Acid 3-Phenyllactic Acid (3-PLA) 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid (2-HPAA) 4-Hydroxyphenyllactic Acid (4-HPLA) 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid (3-HPA) 4-Cresol 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid (4-HPAA) Indoleacetic Acid (IAA) 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic Acid (HPHPA) Yeasts & Fungal Metabolites Arabinitol Arabinose Citramalic Acid 3-Oxoglutaric Acid 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furoic Acid (Urine, Spot) Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic Acid (Urine, Spot) Tartaric Acid Tricarballylic Acid Mitochondrial & Energy Metabolism Glucose (OA) (Urine, Spot) Pyruvic Acid (Urine, Spot) Lactic Acid (Urine, Spot) Citric Acid cis-Aconitic Acid Isocitric Acid 2-Oxoglutaric Acid Succinic Acid Fumaric Acid Malic Acid Acetoacetic Acid 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid 2-Hydroxybutyric Acid (Urine, Spot) Methylsuccinic Acid 2-Methylglutaric Acid 3-Methylglutaric Acid (Urine, Spot) 2-Hydroxyglutaric Acid 3-Hydroxyglutaric Acid Malonic Acid (Urine, Spot) Mevalonolactone 2,4-Dihydroxybutanoic Acid N-Acetylaspartic Acid 3-Methylglutaconic Acid Carbohydrate & Glycaemic Metabolism Glucose (OA) (Urine, Spot) Pyruvic Acid (Urine, Spot) Lactic Acid (Urine, Spot) 2-Hydroxybutyric Acid (Urine, Spot) Fatty Acid Oxidation & Ketone Metabolism Adipic Acid Pimelic Acid Suberic Acid Azelaic Acid Sebacic Acid Ethylmalonic Acid Propionylglycine N-Butyrylglycine Isovalerylglycine N-(2-Methylbutyryl)glycine 3-Methylcrotonylglycine Tiglylglycine Hexanoylglycine Suberylglycine Vitamin & Nutritional Cofactor Markers Methylmalonic Acid (MMA) Formiminoglutamic Acid (FIGLU) Xanthurenic Acid (Urine, Spot) Kynurenic Acid (Urine, Spot) Quinolinic Acid (Urine, Spot) Picolinic Acid (Urine, Spot) 3-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid Pyroglutamic Acid (Urine, Spot) N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) (Urine, Spot) Glutaric Acid (Vit B2) Pantothenic Acid (Vit B5) Pyridoxic Acid (Vit B6) Ascorbic Acid (Vit C) (Urine, Spot) Methylcitric Acid (Biotin/Vitamin H) 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid (CoQ10) Pyramidne Metabolites, Folate Metabolism Thymine (Urine, Spot) Uracil (Urine, Spot) Amino Acid & Branched-chain Metabolism 2-Oxoisovaleric Acid 2-Oxoisocaproic Acid 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric Acid 3-Methylglutaric Acid (Urine, Spot) Succinylacetone 2-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid 2-Hydroxyisocaproic Acid 2-Oxobutyric Acid 2-Oxo-4-methiolbutyric Acid (KMBA) Phenylpyruvic Acid Homogentisic Acid N-Acetylphenylalanine Mandelic Acid (Urine, Spot) Malonic Acid (Urine, Spot) 4-Hydroxyphenyllactic Acid (4-HPLA) (Urine, Spot) 2-Oxoadipic Acid Guanidinoacetic Acid Guanidinobutyric Acid N-Acetylglycine Neurotransmitter Metabolites 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid (5-HIAA) 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid (DOPAC) 3-Methyl-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) Homovanillic Acid (HVA) Vanillylmandelic Acid (VMA) HVA/DOPAC Ratio HVA/VMA Ratio Adrenal Stress (Overnight) Cortisol (OA) Tryptophan Kynurenine Pathway 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid (5-HIAA) Kynurenic Acid (Urine, Spot) Quinolinic Acid (Urine, Spot) Picolinic Acid (Urine, Spot) Xanthurenic Acid (Urine, Spot) Kynurenic/Quinolinic Ratio Quinolinic Acid/5-HIAA Ratio Detoxification & Gutathione Function Orotic Acid Pyroglutamic Acid (Urine, Spot) N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) (Urine, Spot) Glucaric Acid 2-Hydroxyhippuric Acid 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furoic Acid (Urine, Spot) Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic Acid (Urine, Spot) Oxidative Stress & Inflammation 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine Leukotriene E4 Quinolinic Acid (Urine, Spot) Pyroglutamic Acid (Urine, Spot) Ascorbic Acid (Vit C) (Urine, Spot) Quercetin Oxalate Metabolism Glycolic Acid Glyceric Acid Oxalic Acid Environmental / Xenobiotic Exposure Hippuric Acid (Urine, Spot) Benzoic Acid (Urine, Spot) 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid (4-HBA) (Urine, Spot) Mandelic Acid (Urine, Spot) Phenylglyoxylic Acid Mandelic Acid + Phenylglyoxylic Acid t,t-Muconic Acid Phthalic Acid Monoethyl Phthalate Quinolinic Acid (Urine, Spot) 2-HydroxyIsobutyric Acid 2-Methylhippuric Acid 3-Methylhippuric Acid 4-Methylhippuric Acid 3,4-Dimethylhippuric Acid 4-Hydroxyhippuric Acid 5-Methylcytosine Uracil (Urine, Spot) Thymine (Urine, Spot) Creatinine Creatinine, Urine Markers Tested Microbial Overgrowth Benzoic Acid Hippuric Acid 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid (4-HBA) 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid (3,4-DHBA) 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid (3-HPAA) 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylpropionic Acid (DHPPA) Furancarbonylglycine Phenylacetic Acid (PAA) Phenylpropionic Acid 3-Phenyllactic Acid (3-PLA) 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid (2-HPAA) 4-Hydroxyphenyllactic Acid (4-HPLA) 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid (3-HPA) 4-Cresol 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid (4-HPAA) Indoleacetic Acid (IAA) 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic Acid (HPHPA) Yeasts & Fungal Metabolites Arabinitol Arabinose Citramalic Acid 3-Oxoglutaric Acid 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furoic Acid (Urine, Spot) Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic Acid (Urine, Spot) Tartaric Acid Tricarballylic Acid Mitochondrial & Energy Metabolism Glucose (OA) (Urine, Spot) Pyruvic Acid (Urine, Spot) Lactic Acid (Urine, Spot) Citric Acid cis-Aconitic Acid Isocitric Acid 2-Oxoglutaric Acid Succinic Acid Fumaric Acid Malic Acid Acetoacetic Acid 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid 2-Hydroxybutyric Acid (Urine, Spot) Methylsuccinic Acid 2-Methylglutaric Acid 3-Methylglutaric Acid (Urine, Spot) 2-Hydroxyglutaric Acid 3-Hydroxyglutaric Acid Malonic Acid (Urine, Spot) Mevalonolactone 2,4-Dihydroxybutanoic Acid N-Acetylaspartic Acid 3-Methylglutaconic Acid Carbohydrate & Glycaemic Metabolism Glucose (OA) (Urine, Spot) Pyruvic Acid (Urine, Spot) Lactic Acid (Urine, Spot) 2-Hydroxybutyric Acid (Urine, Spot) Fatty Acid Oxidation & Ketone Metabolism Adipic Acid Pimelic Acid Suberic Acid Azelaic Acid Sebacic Acid Ethylmalonic Acid Propionylglycine N-Butyrylglycine Isovalerylglycine N-(2-Methylbutyryl)glycine 3-Methylcrotonylglycine Tiglylglycine Hexanoylglycine Suberylglycine Vitamin & Nutritional Cofactor Markers Methylmalonic Acid (MMA) Formiminoglutamic Acid (FIGLU) Xanthurenic Acid (Urine, Spot) Kynurenic Acid (Urine, Spot) Quinolinic Acid (Urine, Spot) Picolinic Acid (Urine, Spot) 3-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid Pyroglutamic Acid (Urine, Spot) N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) (Urine, Spot) Glutaric Acid (Vit B2) Pantothenic Acid (Vit B5) Pyridoxic Acid (Vit B6) Ascorbic Acid (Vit C) (Urine, Spot) Methylcitric Acid (Biotin/Vitamin H) 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric Acid (CoQ10) Pyramidne Metabolites, Folate Metabolism Thymine (Urine, Spot) Uracil (Urine, Spot) Amino Acid & Branched-chain Metabolism 2-Oxoisovaleric Acid 2-Oxoisocaproic Acid 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric Acid 3-Methylglutaric Acid (Urine, Spot) Succinylacetone 2-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid 2-Hydroxyisocaproic Acid 2-Oxobutyric Acid 2-Oxo-4-methiolbutyric Acid (KMBA) Phenylpyruvic Acid Homogentisic Acid N-Acetylphenylalanine Mandelic Acid (Urine, Spot) Malonic Acid (Urine, Spot) 4-Hydroxyphenyllactic Acid (4-HPLA) (Urine, Spot) 2-Oxoadipic Acid Guanidinoacetic Acid Guanidinobutyric Acid N-Acetylglycine Neurotransmitter Metabolites 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid (5-HIAA) 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid (DOPAC) 3-Methyl-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) Homovanillic Acid (HVA) Vanillylmandelic Acid (VMA) HVA/DOPAC Ratio HVA/VMA Ratio Adrenal Stress (Overnight) Cortisol (OA) Tryptophan Kynurenine Pathway 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid (5-HIAA) Kynurenic Acid (Urine, Spot) Quinolinic Acid (Urine, Spot) Picolinic Acid (Urine, Spot) Xanthurenic Acid (Urine, Spot) Kynurenic/Quinolinic Ratio Quinolinic Acid/5-HIAA Ratio Detoxification & Gutathione Function Orotic Acid Pyroglutamic Acid (Urine, Spot) N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) (Urine, Spot) Glucaric Acid 2-Hydroxyhippuric Acid 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furoic Acid (Urine, Spot) Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic Acid (Urine, Spot) Oxidative Stress & Inflammation 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine Leukotriene E4 Quinolinic Acid (Urine, Spot) Pyroglutamic Acid (Urine, Spot) Ascorbic Acid (Vit C) (Urine, Spot) Quercetin Oxalate Metabolism Glycolic Acid Glyceric Acid Oxalic Acid Environmental / Xenobiotic Exposure Hippuric Acid (Urine, Spot) Benzoic Acid (Urine, Spot) 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid (4-HBA) (Urine, Spot) Mandelic Acid (Urine, Spot) Phenylglyoxylic Acid Mandelic Acid + Phenylglyoxylic Acid t,t-Muconic Acid Phthalic Acid Monoethyl Phthalate Quinolinic Acid (Urine, Spot) 2-HydroxyIsobutyric Acid 2-Methylhippuric Acid 3-Methylhippuric Acid 4-Methylhippuric Acid 3,4-Dimethylhippuric Acid 4-Hydroxyhippuric Acid 5-Methylcytosine Uracil (Urine, Spot) Thymine (Urine, Spot) Creatinine Creatinine, Urine VeriTek Process AUTOMATED SYSTEMS SUPERIOR ASSAY PREPARATION DUPLICATE TESTING EXTERNAL ACCOUNTABILITY Need Assistance With Specimen Collection
While this interaction creates therapeutic potential, it also introduces risk if dosing, sourcing, or medical oversight is inadequate
When ordering the injection it has to be through a licensed site
Orotic acid, more than just an intermediate of pyrimidine de novo synthesis
Skincare Treatments: B12 can support skin health when combined with targeted skincare therapies
Our B12 injections can enhance your memory and concentration, reduce symptoms of depression, and support your mental health
